Sixty years of psychosurgery: its present status and its future.

After its introduction 60 years ago, psychosurgery witnessed a remarkable rise followed by a decline. In the 1990s, it is a marginal treatment practised by a few psychiatrists in some specialised centres around the world. The psychiatric profession, however, continues to support it, and there is some evidence for a recent renewal of interest in the procedure. In this paper, the reasons for this reluctant acceptance of psychosurgery are examined, and the factors that are likely to determine its future are identified. The profession is urged to keep the interest in psychosurgery alive until further theoretical and empirical developments can either announce its death or lead to a resurgence of psychiatric neurosurgery in its present or modified form.