BACKGROUND: Reports suggest that antituberculosis drugs are malabsorbed in patients with advanced HIV disease. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the pharmacokinetics of antituberculosis agents in HIV-seropositive patients at different stages of disease. DESIGN: Parallel study. SETTING: Two hospital outpatient clinics. PARTICIPANTS: 12 healthy volunteers, 12 patients with asymptomatic HIV disease, 12 patients with symptomatic HIV disease, and 12 patients with symptomatic HIV disease and diarrhea. MEASUREMENTS: Drug plasma concentrations were measured over 24 hours on day 4 of concurrent therapy. INTERVENTION: Oral isoniazid (300 mg/d), rifampin (600 mg/d), pyrazinamide (1000 mg/d), and ethambutol (1000 mg/d). RESULTS: Reduced total drug exposure to rifampin and pyrazinamide was associated with D-xylose malabsorption in persons with HIV infection or AIDS. Peak drug exposure to isoniazid was lower in patients with diarrhea. CONCLUSIONS: Reduced total drug exposure may be related to malabsorption in persons with HIV infection or AIDS.
BACKGROUND: Reports suggest that antituberculosis drugs are malabsorbed in patients with advanced HIV disease. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the pharmacokinetics of antituberculosis agents in HIV-seropositivepatients at different stages of disease. DESIGN: Parallel study. SETTING: Two hospital outpatient clinics. PARTICIPANTS: 12 healthy volunteers, 12 patients with asymptomatic HIV disease, 12 patients with symptomatic HIV disease, and 12 patients with symptomatic HIV disease and diarrhea. MEASUREMENTS: Drug plasma concentrations were measured over 24 hours on day 4 of concurrent therapy. INTERVENTION: Oral isoniazid (300 mg/d), rifampin (600 mg/d), pyrazinamide (1000 mg/d), and ethambutol (1000 mg/d). RESULTS: Reduced total drug exposure to rifampin and pyrazinamide was associated with D-xylosemalabsorption in persons with HIV infection or AIDS. Peak drug exposure to isoniazid was lower in patients with diarrhea. CONCLUSIONS: Reduced total drug exposure may be related to malabsorption in persons with HIV infection or AIDS.
Authors: João Bento; Raquel Duarte; Maria Céu Brito; Sónia Leite; Maria Rosário Lobato; Maria do Carmo Caldeira; Aurora Carvalho Journal: BMJ Case Rep Date: 2010-09-29
Authors: Justin J Wilkins; Radojka M Savic; Mats O Karlsson; Grant Langdon; Helen McIlleron; Goonaseelan Pillai; Peter J Smith; Ulrika S H Simonsson Journal: Antimicrob Agents Chemother Date: 2008-04-07 Impact factor: 5.191
Authors: Geetha Ramachandran; A K Hemanth Kumar; P K Bhavani; T Kannan; S Ramesh Kumar; N Poorana Gangadevi; V V Banurekha; L Sekar; N Ravichandran; G Mathevan; G N Sanjeeva; Rajeshwar Dayal; Soumya Swaminathan Journal: Antimicrob Agents Chemother Date: 2014-12-08 Impact factor: 5.191