Interaction between the forced swimming test and fluoxetine treatment on extracellular 5-hydroxytryptamine and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid in the rat.

We used in vivo microdialysis to examine extracellular levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) in the striatum and the lateral septum during the forced swimming test, (FST) a behavioral test conducted in rats that is commonly used to predict the effect of antidepressant drugs. The forced swimming test consisted of a 15-min pretest swim and a 5-min test swim 24 hr later. The antidepressant fluoxetine (20 mg/kg s.c.) or saline was administered 23.5, 5 and 1 hr before the test swim. In the striatum, the pretest swim increased 5-HT in both treatment groups. On the second day, the test swim had no effect on 5-HT in saline-treated rats but slightly decreased striatal 5-HT in fluoxetine-treated rats. In the lateral septum, the pretest swim decreased 5-HT in both treatment groups. On the second day, the test swim had no effect on 5-HT in saline-treated rats but decreased lateral septum 5-HT in fluoxetine-treated rats. Ratings of behavior showed that fluoxetine treatment increased swimming behavior and decreased immobility during the test swim. Immobility was positively correlated and swimming was negatively correlated with changes in extracellular 5-HT in the lateral septum but not in the striatum. Therefore, fluoxetine treatment altered adaptation of the regional response of extracellular 5-HT ordinarily produced in the FST, reversing the 5-HT response to the initial swim in the striatum and restoring the response to the initial swim in the lateral septum.