Immunohistochemical localization of keratan sulfate in the chinchilla inner ear.

Keratan sulfate (KS) was immunolocalized in the chinchilla cochlea and vestibular system using indirect immunohistochemistry and a monoclonal antibody (clone 5-D-4) directed against a proteoglycan core antigen. As a positive control, anti-KS Mab reactivity was found in the pericellular matrix and lacuna walls of temporal bone osteocytes. In the cochlea, anti-KS Mab reactivity was abundant in the basal cell layer of the stria vascularis and in the marginal band and Hensen's stripe of the tectorial membrane. Less anti-KS Mab reactivity was present in the cover net, Hardesty's membrane and the upper fibrous zone of the limbal layer of the tectorial membrane. In the vestibular system, anti-KS Mab reactivity was immunolocalized to a portion of the epithelium overlying the cupula of the crista ampullaris, in the apical surface of crista ampullaris epithelium, crista ampullaris stereocilia and in the otoconia. Elucidating the distribution of KS in the cochlea will improve our understanding of cochlear anatomy and is a first step toward understanding the etiology of hearing loss observed in diseases involving KS metabolism, namely, mucopolysaccharidosis type IV (Morquio's syndrome).