Desensitization of norepinephrine receptor function is associated with G protein uncoupling in the rat aorta.

Infusion of norepinephrine (NE) in rats results in desensitization of NE-mediated aortic contraction and a reduction (55% at 1 and 10 microM) in NE-stimulated vascular inositol phosphate accumulations. The functional responses to angiotensin II (ANG II) were also reduced in the tissues of NE-infused animals. alpha 1-Adrenoceptor number determined by 2-[beta-(4-hydroxy-3-[125I]iodophenyl)-ethylaminomethyl]-tetralone ([125I]HEAT) binding and levels of G alpha or G beta proteins measured by immunoblot analyses were not changed in the aortic membranes of NE-infused animals. To determine whether desensitization is associated with receptor-G protein uncoupling, agonist-stimulated palmitoylation of G alpha proteins was measured. NE infusion decreased phenylephrine (1 microM)-stimulated [3H]palmitate incorporation into Gq alpha, Gs alpha, and Gi alpha proteins and ANG II (10 microM)-stimulated palmitoylation of Gq alpha and Gi alpha in aortic membranes. Phenylephrine- and ANG II-stimulated guanosine 5'-O-(3-[35S]thiotriphosphate) binding to Gq alpha was also decreased in the aortas of NE-infused animals. These results show that an infusion of NE causes heterologous desensitization of the contractile and inositol phosphate accumulation responses in the rat aorta and that these changes are mediated by an uncoupling of receptors from their G proteins.