OBJECTIVES: Since the introduction of the peritoneal equilibration test (PET), the 4-hour dialysate/plasma creatinine (D/P Cr) has been used by several authors for determining continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) prescriptions. However, the results have been unsatisfactory because the 4-hr D/P Cr does not accurately reflect the D/P Cr in 24-hr collections. The PET and the 24-hr dialysate collections differ in the duration of dwell and the tonicity and volume of dialysate, all of which influence the equilibrated D/P Cr. It can be assumed that the D/P Cr in 24-hr collections in these patients is closer to a 6-hr D/P Cr. Because a 6-hr PET is inconvenient, we developed a mathematical model to calculate the 5- and 6-hr D/P using the results of a standard PET. DESIGN: In a retrospective analysis, D/P Cr ratios in 24-hr collections and D/P Cr ratios calculated from a mathematical formula were correlated. Using a mathematical model, the data collected fit an exponential relation of the type D/P = a(1-e-t/tau). The values of a and tau are unique for a given patient and were determined using a nonlinear regression technique. The formula performed well on our published data-the true and predicted 6-hr D/P Cr being 0.696 and 0.71, respectively. SETTING: The University Hospital and Clinics, Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center and Dialysis Clinic, Inc., Columbia, Missouri. PATIENTS: All CAPD patients on four 2-L exchanges/day at the time of the 24-hr collections were included. INTERVENTIONS: None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Closeness of 4-hr and 6-hr D/P Cr values to those of 24-hr ratios. RESULTS: The study group comprised 74 patients (age, mean +/- SEM: 56.4 +/- 1.8 yr) with 80 PETs and 145 (24-hr) collections. The interval between the two tests was 8.3 +/- 0.9 months (0-48.7 months). The median 24-hr D/P Cr of 0.760 did not differ significantly from the predicted median 6-hr D/P Cr of 0.755. A subgroup analysis, based on transport type, showed that this relationship was most precise in the high-average transporters. The predicted 6-hr D/P Cr was within 10% of the 24-hr D/P Cr in 48% of patients and within 20% in 77% of patients. The margin of error was greatest in the low transporters. CONCLUSIONS: To conclude, the 4-hr D/P Cr from a PET cannot be used interchangeably with the D/P Cr in the 24-hr dialysate collections, hence, the clearances calculated thereof will be inaccurate. Using the proposed model, it is feasible to use the 4-hr PET results to obtain 5- and 6-hr D/P Cr values. In our study, using this model, the extrapolated 6-hr D/P Cr is similar to the D/P Cr in 24-hr dialysate collections only in the high-average transporters. Hence, the best way to determine clearances in peritoneal dialysis patients is still by collecting 24-hr dialysates.
OBJECTIVES: Since the introduction of the peritoneal equilibration test (PET), the 4-hour dialysate/plasma creatinine (D/P Cr) has been used by several authors for determining continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) prescriptions. However, the results have been unsatisfactory because the 4-hr D/P Cr does not accurately reflect the D/P Cr in 24-hr collections. The PET and the 24-hr dialysate collections differ in the duration of dwell and the tonicity and volume of dialysate, all of which influence the equilibrated D/P Cr. It can be assumed that the D/P Cr in 24-hr collections in these patients is closer to a 6-hr D/P Cr. Because a 6-hr PET is inconvenient, we developed a mathematical model to calculate the 5- and 6-hr D/P using the results of a standard PET. DESIGN: In a retrospective analysis, D/P Cr ratios in 24-hr collections and D/P Cr ratios calculated from a mathematical formula were correlated. Using a mathematical model, the data collected fit an exponential relation of the type D/P = a(1-e-t/tau). The values of a and tau are unique for a given patient and were determined using a nonlinear regression technique. The formula performed well on our published data-the true and predicted 6-hr D/P Cr being 0.696 and 0.71, respectively. SETTING: The University Hospital and Clinics, Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center and Dialysis Clinic, Inc., Columbia, Missouri. PATIENTS: All CAPD patients on four 2-L exchanges/day at the time of the 24-hr collections were included. INTERVENTIONS: None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Closeness of 4-hr and 6-hr D/P Cr values to those of 24-hr ratios. RESULTS: The study group comprised 74 patients (age, mean +/- SEM: 56.4 +/- 1.8 yr) with 80 PETs and 145 (24-hr) collections. The interval between the two tests was 8.3 +/- 0.9 months (0-48.7 months). The median 24-hr D/P Cr of 0.760 did not differ significantly from the predicted median 6-hr D/P Cr of 0.755. A subgroup analysis, based on transport type, showed that this relationship was most precise in the high-average transporters. The predicted 6-hr D/P Cr was within 10% of the 24-hr D/P Cr in 48% of patients and within 20% in 77% of patients. The margin of error was greatest in the low transporters. CONCLUSIONS: To conclude, the 4-hr D/P Cr from a PET cannot be used interchangeably with the D/P Cr in the 24-hr dialysate collections, hence, the clearances calculated thereof will be inaccurate. Using the proposed model, it is feasible to use the 4-hr PET results to obtain 5- and 6-hr D/P Cr values. In our study, using this model, the extrapolated 6-hr D/P Cr is similar to the D/P Cr in 24-hr dialysate collections only in the high-average transporters. Hence, the best way to determine clearances in peritoneal dialysis patients is still by collecting 24-hr dialysates.
Authors: B K Das; M S Senthilnathan; P K Pradhan; S Nagabhushan; T K Jeloka; R K Sharma Journal: Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging Date: 2004-02-18 Impact factor: 9.236