Cost-effectiveness of surfactant replacement therapy in a developing country.

A comparison study was conducted to evaluate the cost effectiveness of surfactant replacement therapy in the treatment of hyaline membrane disease (HMD). Study population included neonates admitted because of HMD severe enough to require assisted ventilation with FiO2 greater that 0.4 per cent. This group (n = 44) was compared with the outcome for neonates treated in the same centre 1 year before surfactant became available (n = 39). Comparison between the two groups was made in relation to cost of care depending on the duration of hospitalization. The duration of hospitalization in the survivors of the treated group was shorter (P = 0.06); accordingly, the cost of care was less. A savings of US $11,880 per patient survived in the treated group was expected, the nationwide financial impact of this treatment modality is discussed.