Use of galeal or pericranial flaps for reconstruction or orbital and eyelid defects.

The use of galeal or pericranial flaps for craniofacial reconstruction is well recognized. The excellent blood supply of the flap permits vascularized support for skin, bone, or cartilage grafts in otherwise unsatisfactory recipient sites. The pericranial flap was used in 1 patient with a large orbital bony defect and the galeopericranial flap was used in 3 patients with various periocular defects produced by trauma or following tumor extirpation. In the case of an orbital defect induced by chronic cocaine abuse, the pericranial flap successfully sequestered the orbit from the nasal cavity while providing support for the globe. In 3 of the 4 cases involving eyelid reconstruction, the galeopericranial flap served a dual function in providing vascular supply to the underlying free tarsal graft and to the overlying free skin graft. This tissue flap is analogous to a median forehead flap, except skin is not transposed and a second-stage inset revision is not required.