Options for venous access in ambulatory care: issues in selection and management.

As advances in VAD technology continue, the biggest challenge becomes the ability to stay abreast of all the emerging devices and the evolutions in management and care. Various resources are available which provide guidelines and standards to enable providers in the care of patients with VADs (see Table 6). It is incumbent upon caregivers to disseminate information as it is gained through observations and experience with VADs. The literature must remain current and accessible to all caregivers in order to ensure optimal management of patients with VADs.