Competency-based learning in neonatology.

An educational model integrating structured teaching with clinical experience, or clerkship, has been designed to enable students to learn the core knowledge, skills and attitudes necessary to care for the newborn. The programme is run for fifth year medical students as part of four, 9-week periods in Obstetrics and Gynaecology each year. A SCORPIO teaching session is held in week 1 to introduce students to the core competencies in the subject areas of newborn examination, breastfeeding, resuscitation, respiratory distress and anthropometry. Groups of four students rotate through each topic, which is conducted by a neonatologist or registrar in training. Eight problem-based learning sessions are held during weeks 2-9. Several students assess a clinical problem, identify learning issues and meet colleagues and a facilitator to share their learning experiences and resolve the problem. The clinical experience, or clerkship, is based in the neonatal nursery where 2-3 students spend a week consolidating their clinical and procedural skills. A study group was assessed at the end of the programme by an Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) and a Multiple Choice Questionnaire (MCQ). A control group did the same assessment in week 1. All students were asked to rate the educational value of the three learning methods on a 5-point Likert scale. The study group (n = 20) achieved a mean composite mark of 66% (SD 10%). This was significantly higher (P < 0.001) than that of the control group (n = 18), mean 45% (SD 7%). All students (100%) rated the educational value of SCORPIO as high or very high, and the comparative rating for problem-based learning and clerkship was 65%, respectively. The programme was enthusiastically received by the students and resulted in mastery of a range of core competencies necessary for care of the newborn.