PURPOSE: In the majority of premenopausal breast cancer patients, an adjuvant chemotherapy-induced early menopause occurs, which is known to be a strong predictor of osteoporosis. We present data on the effect of adjuvant cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and fluorouracil (CMF) therapy on bone mineral density (BMD) and the efficacy of clodronate on the prevention of bone loss in 148 premenopausal breast cancer patients without skeletal metastases. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients were randomized to receive oral clodronate 1,600 mg/d or to a control group. In addition, patients were treated with six cycles of CMF therapy. BMD of the lumbar spine and femoral neck was measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) before therapy and at 1 and 2 years. RESULTS: Changes in the BMD of lumbar spine and femoral neck were -5.9% and -2.0% without clodronate and -2.2% and +0.9% with clodronate at 2 years (P = .0005 and .017, respectively). Patients who developed amenorrhea after chemotherapy had a rapid bone loss, which was significantly reduced by clodronate. In controls, bone loss was 9.5% in the lumbar spine and 4.6% in the femoral neck, while in the clodronate group, bone loss was 5.9% and 0.4%, respectively, at 2 years. Patients with preserved menstruation had only marginal changes in BMD. CONCLUSION:Chemotherapy-induced ovarian failure causes rapid bone loss in premenopausal breast cancer patients. Women older than 40 years are at particularly high risk. Clodronate significantly reduces this bone loss.
RCT Entities:
PURPOSE: In the majority of premenopausal breast cancerpatients, an adjuvant chemotherapy-induced early menopause occurs, which is known to be a strong predictor of osteoporosis. We present data on the effect of adjuvant cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and fluorouracil (CMF) therapy on bone mineral density (BMD) and the efficacy of clodronate on the prevention of bone loss in 148 premenopausal breast cancerpatients without skeletal metastases. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Patients were randomized to receive oral clodronate 1,600 mg/d or to a control group. In addition, patients were treated with six cycles of CMF therapy. BMD of the lumbar spine and femoral neck was measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) before therapy and at 1 and 2 years. RESULTS: Changes in the BMD of lumbar spine and femoral neck were -5.9% and -2.0% without clodronate and -2.2% and +0.9% with clodronate at 2 years (P = .0005 and .017, respectively). Patients who developed amenorrhea after chemotherapy had a rapid bone loss, which was significantly reduced by clodronate. In controls, bone loss was 9.5% in the lumbar spine and 4.6% in the femoral neck, while in the clodronate group, bone loss was 5.9% and 0.4%, respectively, at 2 years. Patients with preserved menstruation had only marginal changes in BMD. CONCLUSION: Chemotherapy-induced ovarian failure causes rapid bone loss in premenopausal breast cancerpatients. Women older than 40 years are at particularly high risk. Clodronate significantly reduces this bone loss.
Authors: B J Edwards; W J Gradishar; M E Smith; J A Pacheco; J Holbrook; J M McKoy; B Nardone; S Tica; V Godinez-Puig; A W Rademaker; I B Helenowski; A D Bunta; P H Stern; S T Rosen; D P West; T A Guise Journal: Osteoporos Int Date: 2015-08-21 Impact factor: 4.507
Authors: Stephanie L Hines; Betty Anne Mincey; Jeff A Sloan; Sachdev P Thomas; Elaine Chottiner; Charles L Loprinzi; Mark D Carlson; Pamela J Atherton; Muhammad Salim; Edith A Perez Journal: J Clin Oncol Date: 2008-12-15 Impact factor: 44.544
Authors: N L Henry; A Nguyen; F Azzouz; L Li; J Robarge; S Philips; D Cao; T C Skaar; J M Rae; A M Storniolo; D A Flockhart; D F Hayes; V Stearns Journal: Br J Cancer Date: 2009-12-01 Impact factor: 7.640