PURPOSE: To compare concentrations of oxybutynin in the human bladder wall after either passive delivery (PD) or electromotive administration (EMDA). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Tissue sections of human bladder were inserted into a diffusion cell with urothelium exposed to the donor compartment containing oxybutynin (4.5 mg. in 100 ml. NaCl 0.45%) and an anode. Twelve paired experiments, "current 5 mA/no current", were conducted over 15 minutes. Oxybutynin tissue contents were measured and tissue viability, morphology and oxybutynin stability were assessed. RESULTS: Mean oxybutynin tissue concentrations were 3.84 micrograms./gm. in samples exposed to EMDA and 0.87 microgram./gm. in samples exposed to PD (p = 0.0006). The mean coefficients of variation were 57.85% in EMDA experiments and 89.78% in PD experiments. Tissues were viable and undamaged histologically and no oxybutynin structural modification was observed. CONCLUSIONS: EMDA enhances oxybutynin administration into viable bladder wall and reduces the variability in drug delivery rate.
PURPOSE: To compare concentrations of oxybutynin in the human bladder wall after either passive delivery (PD) or electromotive administration (EMDA). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Tissue sections of human bladder were inserted into a diffusion cell with urothelium exposed to the donor compartment containing oxybutynin (4.5 mg. in 100 ml. NaCl 0.45%) and an anode. Twelve paired experiments, "current 5 mA/no current", were conducted over 15 minutes. Oxybutynin tissue contents were measured and tissue viability, morphology and oxybutynin stability were assessed. RESULTS: Mean oxybutynin tissue concentrations were 3.84 micrograms./gm. in samples exposed to EMDA and 0.87 microgram./gm. in samples exposed to PD (p = 0.0006). The mean coefficients of variation were 57.85% in EMDA experiments and 89.78% in PD experiments. Tissues were viable and undamaged histologically and no oxybutynin structural modification was observed. CONCLUSIONS:EMDA enhances oxybutynin administration into viable bladder wall and reduces the variability in drug delivery rate.
Authors: L A Birder; M Ruggieri; M Takeda; G van Koeveringe; S Veltkamp; C Korstanje; B Parsons; C H Fry Journal: Neurourol Urodyn Date: 2012-01-24 Impact factor: 2.696
Authors: Savino M Di Stasi; Antonella Giannantoni; Pierluigi Navarra; Renato Massoud; Daniela Zavaglia; Pierfrancesco Bertucci; Giuseppe Vespasiani; Robert L Stephen Journal: Urol Res Date: 2003-05-08