Application of sperm antigens in immunocontraception.

Development of a vaccine(s) based on sperm antigens represents a promising approach for contraception. The utility of an antigen in immunocontraception is contingent upon its tissue specificity, involvement in human fertility, and immunogenicity. A number of antigens have been characterized from the sperm surface. Notable among these are LDH-C4, RSA antigens, PH-20, SP 1U, HSA-63, FA-1, FA-2 and CS-1. These antigens have been proposed as potential candidates for the development of contraceptive vaccine(s). Their current status, application, relative merits, and immunogenicity in immunocontraception are discussed in this review.