Enhanced amplitude reduction of somatosensory evoked potentials by voluntary movement in the elderly.

We studied the effects of aging on modification of the median nerve somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) by voluntary movement in 17 aged (66.5 +/- 8.9 years, mean +/- SD) and 12 young normal humans (27.5 +/- 5.0 years). The amplitudes of cortical SEP components were generally larger in the aged group than in the young group. Following isometric contraction of the thenar muscle, the aged group showed significant attenuation of the prerolandic P22-N28-P45 and the postrolandic P24-N30-P45, while the young group only demonstrated significant reduction of the prerolandic P22-N28 amplitude. In the prerolandic N28-P45 and the postrolandic P24-N30 and N30-P45, amplitudes reduced by voluntary movement (gated amplitude) significantly correlated with amplitudes at rest (resting amplitude) and with the age of subjects. The effects of stimulus intensity and frequency on gating supported the correlative changes between gated and resting amplitudes. These results suggest that the magnitude of gating depends on SEP amplitudes at rest, and that augmented gating in the aged group is a result of enlarged SEPs. Since the cervical and Erb's potentials were not changed by movement, and passive movement did not significantly affect the SEPs, a centrifugal mechanism is probably responsible for gating in this study.