BACKGROUND: Low frequency translational oscillation can provoke motion sickness in land vehicles, ships and aircraft. HYPOTHESIS: Nauseogenicity should decrease towards the higher frequencies. METHODS: Some 12 subjects were exposed to horizontal sinusoidal motion (3.6 m.s-2 peak) at four different frequencies 0.35, 0.50, 0.70, and 1.00 Hz, at 1-week intervals, latin square order. Subjects were seated in the upright position; motion was through the head-body X-axis. Motion was stopped (motion endpoint) at moderate nausea or after 30 min. RESULTS: The proportion of subjects experiencing moderate nausea decreased towards the higher frequency: 9/12 at 0.35 Hz, 3/12 at 0.50 Hz, 0/12 at 0.70 Hz, and 2/12 at 1.00 Hz. The mean time to motion endpoint increased significantly (p < 0.001) towards the higher frequency: 17.4 min 0.35 Hz; 26.0 min 0.50 Hz; 30 min 0.70 Hz; 28.3 min 1.00 Hz. Differences between frequencies were significant (0.001 < p < 0.05) except for 0.70 Hz to 1.00 Hz. At all frequencies tested, horizontal stimuli were more nauseogenic than predicted by mathematical models based on the frequency and intensity of vertical oscillation. Somatogravic illusion (SGI) was reported by 9/12 subjects (mean illusory tilt angles 15.6 degrees forward, 14.1 degrees back). SGI tended to diminish at the higher frequencies, but there was no relationship between SGI and motion sickness. CONCLUSIONS: These results confirm previous findings (9), and furthermore indicate that horizontal X-axis translational oscillation has greatly reduced nauseogenic potential at frequencies greater than 0.5 Hz. A mathematical model is proposed to predict motion sickness intensity and incidence due to this stimulus, which may also be applicable to equivalent Y-axis motion.
BACKGROUND: Low frequency translational oscillation can provoke motion sickness in land vehicles, ships and aircraft. HYPOTHESIS: Nauseogenicity should decrease towards the higher frequencies. METHODS: Some 12 subjects were exposed to horizontal sinusoidal motion (3.6 m.s-2 peak) at four different frequencies 0.35, 0.50, 0.70, and 1.00 Hz, at 1-week intervals, latin square order. Subjects were seated in the upright position; motion was through the head-body X-axis. Motion was stopped (motion endpoint) at moderate nausea or after 30 min. RESULTS: The proportion of subjects experiencing moderate nausea decreased towards the higher frequency: 9/12 at 0.35 Hz, 3/12 at 0.50 Hz, 0/12 at 0.70 Hz, and 2/12 at 1.00 Hz. The mean time to motion endpoint increased significantly (p < 0.001) towards the higher frequency: 17.4 min 0.35 Hz; 26.0 min 0.50 Hz; 30 min 0.70 Hz; 28.3 min 1.00 Hz. Differences between frequencies were significant (0.001 < p < 0.05) except for 0.70 Hz to 1.00 Hz. At all frequencies tested, horizontal stimuli were more nauseogenic than predicted by mathematical models based on the frequency and intensity of vertical oscillation. Somatogravic illusion (SGI) was reported by 9/12 subjects (mean illusory tilt angles 15.6 degrees forward, 14.1 degrees back). SGI tended to diminish at the higher frequencies, but there was no relationship between SGI and motion sickness. CONCLUSIONS: These results confirm previous findings (9), and furthermore indicate that horizontal X-axis translational oscillation has greatly reduced nauseogenic potential at frequencies greater than 0.5 Hz. A mathematical model is proposed to predict motion sickness intensity and incidence due to this stimulus, which may also be applicable to equivalent Y-axis motion.
Authors: Bernard Cohen; Mingjia Dai; Dmitri Ogorodnikov; Jean Laurens; Theodore Raphan; Philippe Müller; Alexiou Athanasios; Jürgen Edmaier; Thomas Grossenbacher; Klaus Stadtmüller; Ueli Brugger; Gerald Hauser; Dominik Straumann Journal: FASEB J Date: 2011-07-25 Impact factor: 5.191
Authors: Elise Faugloire; Cédrick T Bonnet; Michael A Riley; Benoît G Bardy; Thomas A Stoffregen Journal: Exp Brain Res Date: 2006-10-05 Impact factor: 1.972
Authors: Tugrul Irmak; Ksander N de Winkel; Daan M Pool; Heinrich H Bülthoff; Riender Happee Journal: Exp Brain Res Date: 2021-03-29 Impact factor: 1.972