Influence of extracellular pH on inhibition by ifenprodil at N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors in Xenopus oocytes.

Ifenprodil is an atypical N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist that selectively blocks receptors containing the NR2B subunit. It has been proposed that ifenprodil may act at a stimulatory polyamine site on NMDA receptors, although interactions between ifenprodil and polyamines are non-competitive. NMDA receptors are also inhibited by extracellular protons, and an interaction between protons and polyamine stimulation has been described. Using voltage-clamp recording of recombinant NR1/NR2B receptors expressed in oocytes, ifenprodil inhibition was found to be pH sensitive with a smaller inhibition at alkaline pH. Similar effects of pH were seen on inhibition by nylidrin, eliprodil, and haloperidol, which are thought to act at the ifenprodil binding site. The pH sensitivity of ifenprodil block occurs at NR1B/NR2B as well as NR1A/NR2B receptors, suggesting that it is not influenced by the exon-5 insert that is present in NR1B but absent in NR1A. Protons may directly affect the ifenprodil binding site or may alter the coupling of ifenprodil binding to inhibition of channel gating.