Immunolocalization of the multi-sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase system in human platelets.

We recently identified a multi-SERCA (sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase) system in haemopoietic cells comprising the SERCA 2b, SERCA 3 and a new monoclonal anti-Ca2+ ATPase antibody (PL/IM 430) recognizable SERCA isoforms. We have now investigated the subcellular localization of these enzymes in human platelets by Western blotting of subcellular membrane fractions and by immunoelectron microscopy. We precisely defined the recognition specificity of the polyclonal anti-SERCA 2b, anti-SERCA 3, anti-SERCA 1 antibodies as well as of the monoclonal antibody PL/IM 430 by testing their recognition of the tryptic fragments of the SERCA isoforms. The analysis of fragmented membranes enriched in plasma membrane and intracellular membrane components by Western blotting showed that the SERCA 2b and the SERCA 3 isoforms were found in both the plasma membrane and the intracellular membrane fractions, whereas the PL/IM 430 recognizable SERCA isoform was restricted to membranes associated with the plasma membrane fraction. The immunoelectron microscopical study of the SERCA isoforms in resting platelets showed that: (i) the SERCA 2b isoform was expressed in membranes associated with the plasma membrane and open canalicular system, some alpha-granules and in unidentified membranes; (ii) the SERCA 3 isoform was found associated with plasma and intracellular membranes; and (iii) the PL/IM 430 recognizable SERCA isoform was observed only in structures associated with the cytoplasmic face of the plasma membranes, as confirmed by flow cytometry. Finally, since the PL/IM 430 antibody was raised against intracellular membranes, we looked for a potential membrane redistribution during the isolation procedure used for the preparation of the immunizing membranes. Neuraminidase treatment indeed induced a translocation of the PL/IM 430 recognizable SERCA isoform from plasma to intracellular membranes. Thus, the multi-SERCA system in platelets: (i) is distributed over different platelet membranes, (ii) presents a sub-compartmental organization with some overlapping, and (iii) is partly associated with motile membranes, reflecting an unrecognized level of complexity of Ca2+ stores in these cells.