OBJECTIVE: To find out if endotoxin (LPS) can mediate the production of inflammatory cytokines by enterocytes. DESIGN: Laboratory experiment. SETTING: Teaching hospital and burns unit, USA. MATERIAL: Caco-2 cells (HTB38, human adenocarcinoma, and colon). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Concentrations of tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in cell culture supernatants. RESULTS: LPS significantly increased the production of TNF from 8.9 to 26.4 units/ml in 24 h and this increase persisted at a lower level for 4 days with an increase from 2.3 to 9 units/ml at a cell concentration of 2 x 10(5) cells/ml. There was no increase in TNF production when the cells were cultured at 5 x 10(5) cells ml with LPS. At a concentration of 2 x 10(5) cells/ml, the cells produced small amounts of IL-6 in 24 h or 4 day cultures with or without LPS. At a concentration of 5 x 10(5) cells/ml, LPS significantly increased IL-6 production in 24 h from 142 to 433 units/ml and from 106 to 250 units/ml in 4 days. The amount of IL-6 produced by LPS-stimulated cells was greater at 1 day than at 4 days. There was no significant difference in PGE2 production by the cells under any of the incubation conditions. CONCLUSION: Enterocytes can produce TNF and IL-6, and endotoxin can increase the production of these cytokines by enterocytes. The gut therefore has the potential to become an important source of inflammatory cytokines.
OBJECTIVE: To find out if endotoxin (LPS) can mediate the production of inflammatory cytokines by enterocytes. DESIGN: Laboratory experiment. SETTING: Teaching hospital and burns unit, USA. MATERIAL: Caco-2 cells (HTB38, humanadenocarcinoma, and colon). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Concentrations of tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in cell culture supernatants. RESULTS:LPS significantly increased the production of TNF from 8.9 to 26.4 units/ml in 24 h and this increase persisted at a lower level for 4 days with an increase from 2.3 to 9 units/ml at a cell concentration of 2 x 10(5) cells/ml. There was no increase in TNF production when the cells were cultured at 5 x 10(5) cells ml with LPS. At a concentration of 2 x 10(5) cells/ml, the cells produced small amounts of IL-6 in 24 h or 4 day cultures with or without LPS. At a concentration of 5 x 10(5) cells/ml, LPS significantly increased IL-6 production in 24 h from 142 to 433 units/ml and from 106 to 250 units/ml in 4 days. The amount of IL-6 produced by LPS-stimulated cells was greater at 1 day than at 4 days. There was no significant difference in PGE2 production by the cells under any of the incubation conditions. CONCLUSION: Enterocytes can produce TNF and IL-6, and endotoxin can increase the production of these cytokines by enterocytes. The gut therefore has the potential to become an important source of inflammatory cytokines.
Authors: Dennis I Sonnier; Amy T Makley; Lou Ann W Friend; Stephanie R Bailey; Alex B Lentsch; Timothy A Pritts Journal: J Surg Res Date: 2011-03-31 Impact factor: 2.192