OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between physical activity and all case mortality in postmenopausal women. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study with 7 years of follow-up through December 31, 1992. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Subjects were 40417 postmenopausal Iowa women, aged 55 to 69 years at baseline in 1986. Physical activity was assessed by mailed questionnaire. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: All-cause mortality (n=2260). RESULTS: After adjustment for potential confounders and excluding women who reported having cancer or heart disease and those who died in the first 3 years of follow-up, women who reported regular physical activity were at significantly reduced risk of death during follow-up compared with women who did not (relative risk [RR], 0.77; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.66-0.90). Increasing frequency of moderate physical activity was associated with reduced risk of death during follow-up (from rarely or never engaging in activity to activity at least 4 times per week, RRs, 1.0 [referent], 0.76, 0.70, and 0.62; P value for trend<.001). A similar pattern was seen for vigorous physical activity (corresponding RRs, 1.0, 0.89, 0.74, and 0.57; Pvalue for trend=.06). Reduced risks of death with increased physical activity were evident for cardiovascular diseases (n=729) and respiratory illnesses (n=147). Women who engaged only in moderate but not vigorous physical activity also benefited, with moderate activity as infrequently as once per week demonstrating a reduced mortality risk of 0.78 (95% CI, 0.64-0.96). CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrate a graded, inverse association between physical activity and all-cause mortality in postmenopausal women. These findings strengthen the confidence that population recommendations to engage in regular physical activity are applicable to postmenopausal women.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between physical activity and all case mortality in postmenopausal women. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study with 7 years of follow-up through December 31, 1992. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Subjects were 40417 postmenopausal Iowa women, aged 55 to 69 years at baseline in 1986. Physical activity was assessed by mailed questionnaire. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: All-cause mortality (n=2260). RESULTS: After adjustment for potential confounders and excluding women who reported having cancer or heart disease and those who died in the first 3 years of follow-up, women who reported regular physical activity were at significantly reduced risk of death during follow-up compared with women who did not (relative risk [RR], 0.77; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.66-0.90). Increasing frequency of moderate physical activity was associated with reduced risk of death during follow-up (from rarely or never engaging in activity to activity at least 4 times per week, RRs, 1.0 [referent], 0.76, 0.70, and 0.62; P value for trend<.001). A similar pattern was seen for vigorous physical activity (corresponding RRs, 1.0, 0.89, 0.74, and 0.57; Pvalue for trend=.06). Reduced risks of death with increased physical activity were evident for cardiovascular diseases (n=729) and respiratory illnesses (n=147). Women who engaged only in moderate but not vigorous physical activity also benefited, with moderate activity as infrequently as once per week demonstrating a reduced mortality risk of 0.78 (95% CI, 0.64-0.96). CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrate a graded, inverse association between physical activity and all-cause mortality in postmenopausal women. These findings strengthen the confidence that population recommendations to engage in regular physical activity are applicable to postmenopausal women.
Authors: Darren Er Warburton; Sarah Charlesworth; Adam Ivey; Lindsay Nettlefold; Shannon Sd Bredin Journal: Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act Date: 2010-05-11 Impact factor: 6.457
Authors: Kristine E Ensrud; Terri L Blackwell; Jane A Cauley; Thuy-Tien L Dam; Peggy M Cawthon; John T Schousboe; Elizabeth Barrett-Connor; Katie L Stone; Douglas C Bauer; James M Shikany; Dawn C Mackey Journal: J Am Geriatr Soc Date: 2014-11-03 Impact factor: 5.562
Authors: Lisa Fredman; Jane A Cauley; Suzanne Satterfield; Eleanor Simonsick; S Melinda Spencer; Hilsa N Ayonayon; Tamara B Harris Journal: Arch Intern Med Date: 2008-10-27