Low-voltage-activated T-type Ca2+ channels.

Although progress in our understanding of T channels and their physiological role has been slower than with other Ca2+ channels, it was clear during this two-day workshop that interest and research in the field remain very intense. Advances have been hampered by many factors: small current amplitude, lack of pharmacological tools, apparent heterogeneity, and lack of a cloned channel. Nevertheless, many interesting roles for T channels have been described, which point to a generally subtle modulatory action. Furthermore, recent results suggest that the above barriers might soon be abolished: new pharmacological tools (mibefradil and newer generation compounds) with T-channel selectivity are being developed and many groups claim to be close to cloning a T channel.