Malignant mesothelioma of the tunica vaginalis testis diagnosed by aspiration cytology--a case report with review of literature.

A case of malignant mesothelioma of the tunica vaginalis testis diagnosed by preoperative cytology of hydrocele fluid is reported. In our view this is only the second case diagnosed by preoperative cytology. The unique feature of this case, the characteristic ultrasound appearance, was recognized and confirmation by aspiration cytology led directly to radical orchiectomy, thus avoiding hydrocelectomy, hemiscrotectomy and possible local recurrence. Aetiopathogenesis and management options of this rare tumour are discussed, with a review of the literature.