OBJECTIVE: To determine to what extent HIV-1 group O strains are present in different African countries. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 14,682 samples of sera from a range of patients from 12 different African countries were tested. All the sera were tested with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using a combination of V3 peptides from ANT-70 and MVP-5180. Samples reactive in ELISA were retested in a line immunoassay (LIA-O). Samples reactive in ELISA were also retested with an in-house Western blot to determine the presence of antibodies to gp120 of HIV-1 ANT-70. Polymerase chain reaction was performed on HIV-1 group O and group O indeterminate sera. RESULTS: Of all the sera samples tested, only 19 sera had antibodies to group O V3 peptides exclusively and 46 were indeterminate for group O infection in LIA-O. The highest prevalence of HIV-1 group O infection among HIV-positive sera was observed in Cameroon (2.1%) and neighbouring countries, 1.1% in Nigeria and 0.9% in Gabon. The lowest rates were seen in west Africa: 0.07% in Senegal, 0.14% in Togo, 0.16% in Chad and 0.3% in Niger. Group O sera were observed in almost all the population categories tested. The ANT-70 V3 peptide in LIA-O was reactive with all of the sera considered to be HIV-1 group O antibody positive by LIA, versus 78.9% for the MVP-5180 peptide. Thirteen out of 19 group O samples of sera were tested in PCR. Eight samples were identified as group O by specific group O pol and/or V3 primers; in the remaining five samples no HIV RNA could be detected. Of the indeterminate sera samples, two were identified as group O. CONCLUSION: In eight of the 12 countries tested, antibodies to group O viruses were identified. Numbers of HIV-1 group O viruses are low. Their presence is not restricted to Cameroon and neighbouring countries but can also be found in west and south-east Africa.
OBJECTIVE: To determine to what extent HIV-1 group O strains are present in different African countries. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 14,682 samples of sera from a range of patients from 12 different African countries were tested. All the sera were tested with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using a combination of V3 peptides from ANT-70 and MVP-5180. Samples reactive in ELISA were retested in a line immunoassay (LIA-O). Samples reactive in ELISA were also retested with an in-house Western blot to determine the presence of antibodies to gp120 of HIV-1 ANT-70. Polymerase chain reaction was performed on HIV-1 group O and group O indeterminate sera. RESULTS: Of all the sera samples tested, only 19 sera had antibodies to group O V3 peptides exclusively and 46 were indeterminate for group O infection in LIA-O. The highest prevalence of HIV-1 group Oinfection among HIV-positive sera was observed in Cameroon (2.1%) and neighbouring countries, 1.1% in Nigeria and 0.9% in Gabon. The lowest rates were seen in west Africa: 0.07% in Senegal, 0.14% in Togo, 0.16% in Chad and 0.3% in Niger. Group O sera were observed in almost all the population categories tested. The ANT-70 V3 peptide in LIA-O was reactive with all of the sera considered to be HIV-1 group O antibody positive by LIA, versus 78.9% for the MVP-5180 peptide. Thirteen out of 19 group O samples of sera were tested in PCR. Eight samples were identified as group O by specific group O pol and/or V3 primers; in the remaining five samples no HIV RNA could be detected. Of the indeterminate sera samples, two were identified as group O. CONCLUSION: In eight of the 12 countries tested, antibodies to group O viruses were identified. Numbers of HIV-1 group O viruses are low. Their presence is not restricted to Cameroon and neighbouring countries but can also be found in west and south-east Africa.
Entities:
Keywords:
Africa; Africa South Of The Sahara; Clinical Research; Developing Countries; Diseases; Examinations And Diagnoses; Hiv; Hiv Infections; In Vitro; Measurement; Multiregional Analysis; Prevalence; Research Methodology; Research Report; Screening; Viral Diseases
Authors: Philippe Lemey; Oliver G Pybus; Andrew Rambaut; Alexei J Drummond; David L Robertson; Pierre Roques; Michael Worobey; Anne-Mieke Vandamme Journal: Genetics Date: 2004-07 Impact factor: 4.562
Authors: Denis M Tebit; Hamish Patel; Annette Ratcliff; Elodie Alessandri; Joseph Liu; Crystal Carpenter; Jean-Christophe Plantier; Eric J Arts Journal: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses Date: 2016-03-16 Impact factor: 2.205
Authors: D Descamps; G Collin; F Letourneur; C Apetrei; F Damond; I Loussert-Ajaka; F Simon; S Saragosti; F Brun-Vézinet Journal: J Virol Date: 1997-11 Impact factor: 5.103
Authors: Nuno R Faria; Marc A Suchard; Ana Abecasis; João D Sousa; Nicaise Ndembi; Idalina Bonfim; Ricardo J Camacho; Anne-Mieke Vandamme; Philippe Lemey Journal: Infect Genet Evol Date: 2011-05-04 Impact factor: 3.342
Authors: S Emery; S Bodrug; B A Richardson; C Giachetti; M A Bott; D Panteleeff; L L Jagodzinski; N L Michael; R Nduati; J Bwayo; J K Kreiss; J Overbaugh Journal: J Clin Microbiol Date: 2000-07 Impact factor: 5.948
Authors: Jun Takehisa; Matthias H Kraus; Ahidjo Ayouba; Elizabeth Bailes; Fran Van Heuverswyn; Julie M Decker; Yingying Li; Rebecca S Rudicell; Gerald H Learn; Cecile Neel; Eitel Mpoudi Ngole; George M Shaw; Martine Peeters; Paul M Sharp; Beatrice H Hahn Journal: J Virol Date: 2008-12-10 Impact factor: 5.103