PURPOSE: We sought to determine the sites of metabolic acid production and clearance during acute endotoxemia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In 10 pentobarbital-anesthetized dogs, flow was measured (ultrasonic probes) for the protal vein, hepatic artery, and renal artery. Catheters were inserted into the hepatic vein, pulmonary artery, renal vein and portal vein. Measurements of blood gases and strong ions were obtained from each site during control conditions and after 30 minutes of intravenous infusion of 1 mg/kg of Escherichia coli endotoxin. The total metabolic acid flux across each organ was calculated using the standard base excess formula and the effective strong ion difference method. PaCO2 was maintained by controlled ventilation. RESULTS: Mean arterial pH decreased from 7.34 to 7.22 with acute endotoxemia. Although transvisceral pH gradients revealed net acid release, the source of this was purely respiratory (carbon dioxide). During early endotoxemia, the gut significantly increased metabolic acid uptake (36.60 +/- 6.60 mmol/h, P < .05). CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that during early endotoxemia in the dog, the gut is a major site of metabolic acid removal.
PURPOSE: We sought to determine the sites of metabolic acid production and clearance during acute endotoxemia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In 10 pentobarbital-anesthetized dogs, flow was measured (ultrasonic probes) for the protal vein, hepatic artery, and renal artery. Catheters were inserted into the hepatic vein, pulmonary artery, renal vein and portal vein. Measurements of blood gases and strong ions were obtained from each site during control conditions and after 30 minutes of intravenous infusion of 1 mg/kg of Escherichia coli endotoxin. The total metabolic acid flux across each organ was calculated using the standard base excess formula and the effective strong ion difference method. PaCO2 was maintained by controlled ventilation. RESULTS: Mean arterial pH decreased from 7.34 to 7.22 with acute endotoxemia. Although transvisceral pH gradients revealed net acid release, the source of this was purely respiratory (carbon dioxide). During early endotoxemia, the gut significantly increased metabolic acid uptake (36.60 +/- 6.60 mmol/h, P < .05). CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that during early endotoxemia in the dog, the gut is a major site of metabolic acid removal.
Authors: Diego E Gomez; Jeanne Lofstedt; Luis G Arroyo; Maureen Wichtel; Tammy Muirhead; Henri Stämpfli; J Trenton McClure Journal: Can Vet J Date: 2017-10 Impact factor: 1.008
Authors: Diego E Gomez; Sofia Bedford; Shannon Darby; Megan Palmisano; Robert J MacKay; David L Renaud Journal: J Vet Intern Med Date: 2020-11-03 Impact factor: 3.333