Isozymes of superoxide dismutase from Aloe vera.

Extracts from the parenchymatous leaf gel and the rind of the Aloe vera plant (Aloe barbadensis Miller) were shown to contain seven electrophoretically-identifiable superoxide dismutases (SODs). The chromatographic elution profiles and the migration of these bands on native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE), for both the gel and rind, are quite similar. Two of these seven activities are insensitive to cyanide treatment, suggesting that they are mangano-SODs. The other five activities are sensitive to cyanide treatment, but insensitive to azide treatment and are presumed to be cupro-zinc SODs. All of the seven proteins appear to be homodimers with apparent native molecular masses centered at approximately 32 and 42 kD as indicated by SDS-PAGE and gel-filtration (FPLC) chromatography. The specific activities of SODs in the A. vera rind and gel are comparable to those of spinach leaves and of rabbit liver.