Detection of embolic signals using Doppler ultrasound: a new approach to cardiac embolism.

Cerebral embolism from cardiac, aortic or carotid cause can be detected by Doppler examination of carotid arteries or transcranial Doppler with long-duration recordings. The signals detected called HITS (high intensity transient signals), which have been described in vitro and in vivo, have specific physical characteristics. This novel technique is considered promising in establishing the relationship between the discovery of embolic heart disease and its clinical neurological manifestations. In the evaluation of a stroke, the detection of HITS could provide evidence in support of an embolic cause. The areas of application of this new technique are many: screening for asymptomatic embolism in patients with an embolic cardiac disorder, and effects of antiplatelet and anticoagulant medications or surgical treatments.