Decreased opioid doses used on a palliative care unit.

We have previously published data on our use of opioids in the last week of life. A change in our pattern of opioid use, i.e. switching opioids more frequently and using high-dose methadone suppositories, appears to have resulted in a decrease in the number of patients requiring high-dose opioids. A retrospective chart review of 100 consecutive patients treated on our palliative care unit during 1992 was completed and compared to the original data from 1990. Results confirmed a decrease in the range of opioids used, as well as a statistically significant decrease in the daily opioid dose in the last week of life. We believe that this difference is most likely due to the use of methadone in patients showing either a poor response to other opioids or a rapid development to tolerance, as well as switching opioids more frequently to take advantage of incomplete cross-tolerance.