Expression and inducibility of cytochrome P450 proteins in the liver of chick embryo.

The expression and inducibility of cytochrome P450 proteins in the liver of chick embryo were investigated using substrate probes and/or immunologically using polyclonal antibodies to the mammalian isoforms. Antibodies to CYP1A1 recognised a single protein which was inducible by structurally diverse chemicals, including aminocompounds, and was parallelled by increases in the O-dealkylations of ethoxy- and methoxyresorufin and in the bioactivation of Glu-P-1. When probed with antibodies to CYP2E1 an immunoreacting protein was revealed which was induced by phenobarbital but not acetone; a second protein became apparent following the treatment with phenobarbital. The increase in apoprotein levels was accompanied by similar increases in p-nitrophenol hydroxylase. Antibodies to CYP2C11 recognised two immunorelated proteins, of which one was inducible by phenobarbital. The same inducer, but not dexamethasone, enhanced the N-demethylation of erythromycin but antibodies to rat CYP3A1 failed to detect any proteins. Finally, lauric acid hydroxylation was not detectable in chick embryo and, moreover, no immunoreacting band was visible following probing of microsomes with anti-CYP4A1. It is concluded that proteins immunorelated to the mammalian CYP1 and CYP2 families are expressed in chick embryo but the regulation of the latter family in the embryo by exogenous chemicals differs markedly from that established for mammals.