Multiple mycotic pseudoaneurysms due to Yersinia enterocolitica: report of a case and review of the literature.

The etiology of mycotic aneurysms is variable but most often includes streptococci, staphylococci, Salmonella, and Pseudomonas infections. Yersinia enterocolitica is an organism that has been infrequently associated with vascular infections. We report a case of two ruptured mycotic pseudoaneurysms occurring in the same patient in the superficial femoral artery and the infrarenal abdominal aorta only 10 days apart. The literature is reviewed, and the clinical findings and pathology are discussed. The unique problem of multiple mycotic aneurysms developing at different times as a result of Yersinia bacteremia suggests the need to monitor these patients longitudinally and evaluate multiple sites on the arterial tree to detect occult pseudoaneurysms and prevent late death from rupture.