The topography of eccrine sweating in humans during exercise.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the distribution of steady-state sweating rates (msw), during stressful exercise and heat exposures. Six men completed 42-min trials: 2-min rest and 40-min cycling at 40% peak power in 36.6 degrees C (relative humidity 46.0%). The msw was monitored using ventilated capsules at the forehead, and at three additional sites. Repeat trials allowed monitoring from eleven skin surfaces. Auditory canal temperature (Tac) and 11 skin temperatures were measured. After normalising msw to the forehead response within subjects, differences in Tac and onset time thresholds, and transient and steady-state msw were examined. The pooled, lower torso msw onset [mean 45.5 (SEM 42.0) s] preceded that of the head [mean 126.5 (SEM 34.8) s, P < 0.05], but was not significantly different from the legs [mean 66.6 (SEM 25.7) s], upper torso [mean 80.2 (SEM 36.8) s] or arms [mean 108.6 (SEM 31.2) s]. Transient msw did not differ among regions (P = 0.16). Mean, steady-state forehead msw [3.20 (SEM 0.51) mg.cm-2.min-1] was not significantly greater than the scapula, forearm, hand, stomach and lower back msw (in descending order), but was greater than the chest [1.6 (SEM 0.2)], upperarm [1.6 (SEM 0.2)], calf [1.5 (SEM 0.3)] and thigh msw [1.0 (SEM 0.2), P < 0.05 for all comparisons]. The results did not support the caudal-to-rostral sweat onset evident during supine, resting heat stress. Equivalent Tac sweat thresholds existed between sites, while steady-state state msw topography varied among subjects and was not dominated by central regions.