General practitioners and family doctors in the Russian Federation.

This paper looks at the emergence in Russia of a strategy for delivering primary health care which differs radically from the specialist-based system of the former Soviet Union. Drawing on Russian language sources, the paper outlines previous training arrangements, the limited role of 'sector' doctors and the reasons for official endorsement of general practice during the years of perestroika. It reports that the Health Ministry asked all the country's regions to make a gradual transition to general practice in 1992, and that legislation made the choice of family doctor a universal right in 1993. The conclusion refers to factors which are likely to determine whether that right will become a reality.