Literature DB >> 8933577

Selective decontamination of the digestive tract: effect of cessation of routine application at an ICU.

H A Tissot van Patot1, J A Leusink, J Roodenburg, B M de Jongh, H S Lau, S de Boer, A de Boer.   

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Selective decontamination of the digestive tract (SDD) with non-absorbable antibiotics was extensively used at intensive care units (ICU) in Europe to prevent nosocomial infections in critically ill patients. After three recent meta-analyses in which it was demonstrated that SDD did not influence hospital stay and mortality in these patients several ICU's decided to stop the routine use of SDD.
OBJECTIVE: To examine the effects of the cessation of SDD on nosocomial infections, mortality and hospital stay at an ICU in post-operative patients.
DESIGN: Retro- and prospective follow-up. PATIENTS: Post-operative patients with mechanical ventilation (MV) for > or = 5 days at an ICU were included. The retrospective group (SDD group) comprised of 138 patients (mean age 66, range 10-91; 78% male) and the prospective group (non-SDD group) of 142 patients (mean age 67 range 18-85; 65% male). The SDD regime consisted of colistin, tobramycin and amphotericin B. Cessation of the SDD was accompanied by a shortening of the routine intravenous cefuroxime prophylaxis.
RESULTS: There was a nonsignificant increase from an average 21 to 23 days ICU stay in the non-SDD group when compared with the SDD group (p > 0.05). Of the 280 patients 97 (35%) died on the ICU. The risk of death was lower in the non-SDD group (adjusted hazard ratio 0.7 with 95% Cl 0.5-1.1). There was a trend towards an increase in infections as a cause of death in the non-SDD group (38% of the ceased patients versus 20% in the SDD group) (p > 0.05). The incidence of respiratory tract infection (per 1000 person days) was 80 (95% Cl 48-113) in the non-SDD group versus 19 (95% Cl 8-22) in the SDD group (adjusted hazard ratio 4.5 (95% Cl 2.9-7.1)).
CONCLUSION: The cessation of the routine application of SDD in post-operative patients mechanically ventilated for 5 days or more did nod adversely affect survival nor increased length of stay at the ICU. There may have been a shift to infections as a cause of death after cessation of SDD.

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Year:  1996        PMID: 8933577     DOI: 10.1007/bf00820728

Source DB:  PubMed          Journal:  Pharm World Sci        ISSN: 0928-1231


  15 in total

1.  Double-blind study of selective decontamination of the digestive tract in intensive care.

Authors:  J M Hammond; P D Potgieter; G L Saunders; A A Forder
Journal:  Lancet       Date:  1992-07-04       Impact factor: 79.321

Review 2.  The First European Consensus Conference in Intensive Care Medicine: selective decontamination of the digestive tract in intensive care unit patients. The European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; The Société Réanimation de Langue Française.

Authors: 
Journal:  Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol       Date:  1992-10       Impact factor: 3.254

Review 3.  Selective decontamination of the digestive tract in the intensive care unit: current status and future prospects.

Authors:  H K van Saene; C C Stoutenbeek; J K Stoller
Journal:  Crit Care Med       Date:  1992-05       Impact factor: 7.598

Review 4.  Selective decontamination in intensive care practice: a review of clinical experience.

Authors:  G Ramsay; J J Reidy
Journal:  Intensive Care Med       Date:  1990       Impact factor: 17.440

5.  Prevention of nosocomial pneumonia using topical and parenteral antimicrobial agents.

Authors:  W G Johanson; J J Seidenfeld; R de los Santos; J J Coalson; P Gomez
Journal:  Am Rev Respir Dis       Date:  1988-02

6.  Selective decontamination of the digestive tract. Benefit remains unproved.

Authors:  M J Bonten; C A Gaillard; S van der Geest
Journal:  BMJ       Date:  1993-12-11

7.  Prevention of infection in critically ill patients by selective decontamination of the digestive tract.

Authors:  F R Cockerill; S R Muller; J P Anhalt; H M Marsh; M B Farnell; P Mucha; D J Gillespie; D M Ilstrup; J J Larson-Keller; R L Thompson
Journal:  Ann Intern Med       Date:  1992-10-01       Impact factor: 25.391

8.  A controlled trial of selective decontamination of the digestive tract in intensive care and its effect on nosocomial infection.

Authors:  R Winter; H Humphreys; A Pick; A P MacGowan; S M Willatts; D C Speller
Journal:  J Antimicrob Chemother       Date:  1992-07       Impact factor: 5.790

Review 9.  Selective decontamination of the digestive tract in intensive care patients: review and commentary.

Authors:  E C Gomez; S J Markowsky; J C Rotschafer
Journal:  Ann Pharmacother       Date:  1992 Jul-Aug       Impact factor: 3.154

10.  Intestinal decontamination for control of nosocomial multiresistant gram-negative bacilli. Study of an outbreak in an intensive care unit.

Authors:  C Brun-Buisson; P Legrand; A Rauss; C Richard; F Montravers; M Besbes; J L Meakins; C J Soussy; F Lemaire
Journal:  Ann Intern Med       Date:  1989-06-01       Impact factor: 25.391

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  1 in total

Review 1.  Topical antibiotics as a major contextual hazard toward bacteremia within selective digestive decontamination studies: a meta-analysis.

Authors:  James C Hurley
Journal:  BMC Infect Dis       Date:  2014-12-31       Impact factor: 3.090

  1 in total

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