Tumor necrosis factor alpha stimulates arachidonic acid metabolism in human osteoblastic osteosarcomal cells.

The effects of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) on arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism were investigated by prelabeling the human osteoblastic osteosarcoma cell line, G292, with [3H]AA. TNF-alpha differentially stimulates cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase pathways of AA metabolism in a dose response manner in the cells. The highest concentration of TNF-alpha (10(-8)M) significantly increased the cyclooxygenase pathway, with prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) being a major product. However, at the lowest concentration (10(-10)M) of TNF-alpha, 15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (HETE) production was significantly increased, with no significant effects on the other identifiable products. When the concentration of TNF-alpha was increased to 10(-9) M leukotriene B4 (LTB4), 15-, 12-, and 5-HETE were significantly increased. The calcium ionophore A23187 (10(-6) M) significantly increased 15-HETE production, without significantly affecting cyclooxygenase metabolites. However, a combination of TNF-alpha (10(-8)M) and A23187 (10(-6)M) caused an inhibitory effect on each agent-induced PGE2 or 15-HETE production.