Brain events related to normal and moderately scrambled faces.

The neural basis of normal and scrambled face processing was investigated by recording evoked potentials from 21 electrodes at standard EEG sites, with respect to a nose reference. Temporal negativities were found that result from two overlapping phenomena: they arise from the polarity reversal on temporal electrodes of the vertex P2, a positive wave peaking about 170-200 ms after the onset of a face stimulus, and also from an overlapping 'processing negativity' of long duration associated with the processing difficulty of the scrambled face stimulus. The comparisons of scalp potential and current density mappings support the proposal that some neuronal networks are active both for faces and scrambled faces and are compatible with the involvement of the superior temporal sulcus, the inferotemporal cortex and the parahippocampal and fusiform gyri, whereas the processing negativity would only involve the deepest generators of this network. Furthermore, the encoding of both faces and scrambled faces seems to take place predominantly in the right hemisphere.