Nosocomial cerebral aspergillosis: a report of 3 cases.

Cerebral aspergillosis carries a mortality rate close to 100%, especially in immunocompromised patients. We describe 3 patients who contracted cerebral aspergillosis after neurosurgery, 2 of whom survived after exhaustive surgical treatment and medical treatment with high doses of amphotericin B (once liposomal), 5-fluorocytosine and itraconazole. We review the few non-fatal cases of cerebral aspergillosis reported. We consider that surgical excision must be complete and repeated if necessary, always in combination with medical treatment.