Pneumothorax during laparoscopic mobilization of the oesophagus.

During laparoscopic dissection of the oesophagus, the left pleura is easily breached, resulting in pneumothorax. This complication has not been widely reported, although it is likely to be common. Management depends on subsequent cardiorespiratory effects, which are variable. Five cases are reported from an initial experience of 190 laparoscopic Nissen fundoplications, illustrating a variety of presentations and management options.