Cost-effectiveness modeling of simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation.

A cost-effectiveness model was developed to compare simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation (SPK) to kidney transplantation alone (KTA) with continued insulin therapy among type-1 diabetics with end-stage renal disease. It appeared that the two procedures were equally cost-effective only for diabetics whose annual costs for treatment of complications of hyper- and hypoglycemia were quite high.