HIV risk behaviors among women in methadone maintenance treatment.

This article reports on the HIV risk behaviors of a sample of 158 women heroin addicts admitted into the Los Angeles Enhanced Methadone Maintenance Project. Risk behaviors for HIV were associated with age, lack of education, ethnicity, relationship with a drug user, HIV status, and higher scores on measures of illegal activity, suicidality, depression, polydrug use, and alcohol use. Significant reductions in number of male sex partners and needle-sharing partners were reported at follow-up, although frequency of condom use was unchanged. Methadone maintenance programs need to screen women for risk factors and assist them in developing new behavioral skills in order to implement a harm reduction approach to treatment.