Intramyocardial pulsed Doppler echocardiography as a new modality for evaluation of left ventricular wall motion: assessment in normal subjects.

Doppler tissue imaging-guided pulsed Doppler echocardiography can record velocities of the regional ventricular wall, but the potential clinical applications have not yet been investigated. To propose a new modality for assessment of left ventricular wall dynamics, we investigated the longitudinal and latitudinal motions of the normal left ventricular wall with intramyocardial pulsed Doppler echocardiography under tissue imaging guidance, and characterized the velocity patterns in 31 normal subjects or normal volunteers (mean age 38 +/- 18 years old). Velocity patterns of the septal and posterior walls were recorded and compared using the parasternal and apical approaches. The apical approach showed that the entire left ventricle moved, coded in red, toward the transducer during systole, and moved away, coded in blue, during diastole. Pulsed Doppler echocardiography recorded the systolic S, early diastolic E and presystolic A waves from both windows. All three waves had higher velocities in the apical compared to the parasternal approach, and the velocities of S and E waves were increased more in the posterior wall than in the septum. Thus, the A/E ratio was significantly lower in the posterior compared to the septal wall (0.63 +/- 0.3 and 0.77 +/- 0.3, respectively, in the apical approach) and the A/E ratio of transmitral inflow was between those of the walls. Apical intramyocardial pulsed Doppler echocardiography can accurately evaluate septal and posterior wall dynamics. The present study provides important basic data for assessing regional myocardial function.