Deliberations and evaluations of the approaches, endpoints and paradigms for manganese and molybdenum dietary recommendations.

The background of the current dietary recommendations for manganese and molybdenum are described. This article reviews how the previous and current estimated safe and adequate daily dietary intakes (ESADDI) were set, shortcomings in the methods used, concerns about the current recommendations, and brief summaries of new research reports. New approaches, endpoints and paradigms to use for the development of useful recommendations are given.