Physical interactions among Mcm proteins and effects of Mcm dosage on DNA replication in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Mcm2, Mcm3, and Mcm5/Cdc46 are conserved proteins essential for the initiation of DNA synthesis at replication origins in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The accumulation of these proteins in the nucleus before the onset of DNA synthesis suggests that they play a role in restricting DNA synthesis to once per cell cycle. In this work, we show that Mcm2, Mcm3, and Mcm5 self-interact and interact with one another to form complexes. Mcm2 and Mcm3 are abundant proteins, present in approximately 4 X 10(4) and 2 X 10(5) copies per cell, respectively. Reducing the dosage of Mcm2 by half results in diminished usage of specific replication origins. These results together suggest that a significant molar excess of Mcm proteins relative to replication origins is required for the proper initiation of all replication origins.