Improving communication with the deaf patient.

Deafness affects 1.8 million people in the United States. The special comminication problems of deaf people may lead to serious misunderstandings, particularly during a medical evaluation. Patients with no residual hearing usually read lips with only 40 percent accuracy. Furthermore, physicians may have great difficulty understanding the deaf patient's impaired speech and faulty written English. Underestimating the patient's intelligence, the doctor may give reassurances or oversimplified explanations. The purposes of this paper are to clarify the reasons for the speech and language problems of deaf people and to dispel some common misconceptions about deafness and sign language. Recommendations are given for improving doctor-patient communication.