Non-necessary touch in the nursing care of elderly people.

This study describes the occurrence of non-necessary touching, defined as spontaneous and emotional physical contact between the nurse and patient, in the nursing care of elderly people in long-term care. The analysis was based on observation of nursing situations; any verbal communication occurring in connection with touching was also recorded. A total of 182 situations were studied in which 178 non-necessary touches by the nurse and four by the patient were recorded. Non-necessary touching was used in connection with a wide range of activities: making statements, making requests, waking up, encouraging, explaining, asking, comforting, teasing, telling off, hugging and thanking.