PURPOSE: To study the coronary arteries and their main branches showing the aspects of source, trajectory and anastomoses of these vessels at the subepicardial level. METHODS: The study was carried out on 110 adult human hearts, of both sexes, fixed in 10% formaldehyde solution. The pericardium was removed to expose the coronary arteries and their branches at the subepicardial level. RESULTS: In 38.18% of the cases the left coronary artery presented a trifurcation into anterior interventricular, circunflex and left marginal branches (35.70%) and into anterior interventricular, circunflex and lateral branches (64.30%). In 60% of the hearts examined, the left coronary artery presented a bifurcation into anterior interventricular and circunflex branches. In 1.82% of the cases these two branches arise directly from the aorta. An anastomosis, at the subepicardial level, between the anterior and posterior interventricular branches was observed in 56.36% of the hearts. In 88.18% the posterior interventricular branch arised from the right coronary artery, whereas in 11.82% this vessel arises from the circunflex branch. Anastomoses between the right coronary artery and the circunflex branch were found in 10% of the hearts (crux cordis). The dominance of the right coronary artery was present in 69.09% of the cases, of the left coronary artery in 11.82% and in 19.09% of the hearts had balanced distribution. CONCLUSION: The coronary arteries and their main branches present a great quantity of variations with regard to source, trajectory and anastomoses. This knowledge is important for the interpretation of coronary angiography and surgical myocardial revascularization.
PURPOSE: To study the coronary arteries and their main branches showing the aspects of source, trajectory and anastomoses of these vessels at the subepicardial level. METHODS: The study was carried out on 110 adult human hearts, of both sexes, fixed in 10% formaldehyde solution. The pericardium was removed to expose the coronary arteries and their branches at the subepicardial level. RESULTS: In 38.18% of the cases the left coronary artery presented a trifurcation into anterior interventricular, circunflex and left marginal branches (35.70%) and into anterior interventricular, circunflex and lateral branches (64.30%). In 60% of the hearts examined, the left coronary artery presented a bifurcation into anterior interventricular and circunflex branches. In 1.82% of the cases these two branches arise directly from the aorta. An anastomosis, at the subepicardial level, between the anterior and posterior interventricular branches was observed in 56.36% of the hearts. In 88.18% the posterior interventricular branch arised from the right coronary artery, whereas in 11.82% this vessel arises from the circunflex branch. Anastomoses between the right coronary artery and the circunflex branch were found in 10% of the hearts (crux cordis). The dominance of the right coronary artery was present in 69.09% of the cases, of the left coronary artery in 11.82% and in 19.09% of the hearts had balanced distribution. CONCLUSION: The coronary arteries and their main branches present a great quantity of variations with regard to source, trajectory and anastomoses. This knowledge is important for the interpretation of coronary angiography and surgical myocardial revascularization.