OBJECTIVE: To investigate the hypothesis that parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PRHrP) may be involved with bone loss and recovery as a means of providing adequate calcium and phosphate to infants. DESIGN: An 18-month prospective cohort study. SETTING: General community setting with recruitment occurring at birthing education classes. PARTICIPANTS: Volunteer sample of 115 postpartum healthy women aged 20 to 40 years, and 0 or 1 parity prior to parturition with no intent to breast-feed or intent to breast-feed at least 6 months. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Parathyroid hormone-related peptide, prolactin, estradiol, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, 24-hydroxyvitamin D, femoral bone mineral density, and bone turnover markers were measured in 115 postpartum women at 2 weeks, 2 months, 4 months, 6 months, 12 months, and 18 months postpartum. Lumbar bone mineral density was measured at 2 weeks, 6 months, 12 months, and 18 months postpartum. RESULTS: Elevated PTHrP values were significantly associated (P<.001) with breast-feeding status, elevated prolactin levels, and lower serum estradiol levels, conditions occurring during lactation. Furthermore, elevated PTHrP levels were negatively and significantly associated (P<.01) over time with bone mineral density change at both the spine and the femoral neck, even after accounting for prolactin levels, breast-feeding status, return of menstruation, estradiol levels, PTH levels, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D levels, dietary calcium intake, physical activity, and body size. CONCLUSION: These data clearly support the hypothesis that PTHrP is an alternative mechanism associated with bone loss and recovery during and subsequent to lactation.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the hypothesis that parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PRHrP) may be involved with bone loss and recovery as a means of providing adequate calcium and phosphate to infants. DESIGN: An 18-month prospective cohort study. SETTING: General community setting with recruitment occurring at birthing education classes. PARTICIPANTS: Volunteer sample of 115 postpartum healthy women aged 20 to 40 years, and 0 or 1 parity prior to parturition with no intent to breast-feed or intent to breast-feed at least 6 months. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Parathyroid hormone-related peptide, prolactin, estradiol, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, 24-hydroxyvitamin D, femoral bone mineral density, and bone turnover markers were measured in 115 postpartum women at 2 weeks, 2 months, 4 months, 6 months, 12 months, and 18 months postpartum. Lumbar bone mineral density was measured at 2 weeks, 6 months, 12 months, and 18 months postpartum. RESULTS: Elevated PTHrP values were significantly associated (P<.001) with breast-feeding status, elevated prolactin levels, and lower serum estradiol levels, conditions occurring during lactation. Furthermore, elevated PTHrP levels were negatively and significantly associated (P<.01) over time with bone mineral density change at both the spine and the femoral neck, even after accounting for prolactin levels, breast-feeding status, return of menstruation, estradiol levels, PTH levels, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D levels, dietary calcium intake, physical activity, and body size. CONCLUSION: These data clearly support the hypothesis that PTHrP is an alternative mechanism associated with bone loss and recovery during and subsequent to lactation.
Authors: Kristen S Purrington; Susan Slager; Diana Eccles; Drakoulis Yannoukakos; Peter A Fasching; Penelope Miron; Jane Carpenter; Jenny Chang-Claude; Nicholas G Martin; Grant W Montgomery; Vessela Kristensen; Hoda Anton-Culver; Paul Goodfellow; William J Tapper; Sajjad Rafiq; Susan M Gerty; Lorraine Durcan; Irene Konstantopoulou; Florentia Fostira; Athanassios Vratimos; Paraskevi Apostolou; Irene Konstanta; Vassiliki Kotoula; Sotiris Lakis; Meletios A Dimopoulos; Dimosthenis Skarlos; Dimitrios Pectasides; George Fountzilas; Matthias W Beckmann; Alexander Hein; Matthias Ruebner; Arif B Ekici; Arndt Hartmann; Ruediger Schulz-Wendtland; Stefan P Renner; Wolfgang Janni; Brigitte Rack; Christoph Scholz; Julia Neugebauer; Ulrich Andergassen; Michael P Lux; Lothar Haeberle; Christine Clarke; Nirmala Pathmanathan; Anja Rudolph; Dieter Flesch-Janys; Stefan Nickels; Janet E Olson; James N Ingle; Curtis Olswold; Seth Slettedahl; Jeanette E Eckel-Passow; S Keith Anderson; Daniel W Visscher; Victoria L Cafourek; Hugues Sicotte; Naresh Prodduturi; Elisabete Weiderpass; Leslie Bernstein; Argyrios Ziogas; Jennifer Ivanovich; Graham G Giles; Laura Baglietto; Melissa Southey; Veli-Matti Kosma; Hans-Peter Fischer; Malcom W R Reed; Simon S Cross; Sandra Deming-Halverson; Martha Shrubsole; Qiuyin Cai; Xiao-Ou Shu; Mary Daly; Joellen Weaver; Eric Ross; Jennifer Klemp; Priyanka Sharma; Diana Torres; Thomas Rüdiger; Heidrun Wölfing; Hans-Ulrich Ulmer; Asta Försti; Thaer Khoury; Shicha Kumar; Robert Pilarski; Charles L Shapiro; Dario Greco; Päivi Heikkilä; Kristiina Aittomäki; Carl Blomqvist; Astrid Irwanto; Jianjun Liu; Vernon Shane Pankratz; Xianshu Wang; Gianluca Severi; Arto Mannermaa; Douglas Easton; Per Hall; Hiltrud Brauch; Angela Cox; Wei Zheng; Andrew K Godwin; Ute Hamann; Christine Ambrosone; Amanda Ewart Toland; Heli Nevanlinna; Celine M Vachon; Fergus J Couch Journal: Carcinogenesis Date: 2013-12-09 Impact factor: 4.944
Authors: Joshua N VanHouten; Pamela Dann; Andrew F Stewart; Christine J Watson; Michael Pollak; Andrew C Karaplis; John J Wysolmerski Journal: J Clin Invest Date: 2003-11 Impact factor: 14.808