P K Sher1, Y Reinberg. 1. Department of Neurology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, USA.
Abstract
PURPOSE: Giggle incontinence, the second most common type of childhood enuresis unrelated to disease, is notoriously difficult to treat. However, the association of laughter or emotion precipitated alteration of muscle tone is suggestive of a functional relationship to cataplexy, a part of the narcoleptic syndrome complex that may respond to stimulant medication. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two boys and 5 girls (mean age 10.9 years) with giggle incontinence, a positive family history of giggle incontinence (4 patients) and no evidence of urological disease were treated with methylphenidate for 1 to 5 years. RESULTS: All patients responded positively with complete cessation of enuresis to varying dose schedules of methylphenidate. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that giggle incontinence is a centrally mediated and likely hereditary disorder that may share a common pathophysiological basis with the narcolepsy/cataplexy syndrome.
PURPOSE:Giggle incontinence, the second most common type of childhood enuresis unrelated to disease, is notoriously difficult to treat. However, the association of laughter or emotion precipitated alteration of muscle tone is suggestive of a functional relationship to cataplexy, a part of the narcoleptic syndrome complex that may respond to stimulant medication. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two boys and 5 girls (mean age 10.9 years) with giggle incontinence, a positive family history of giggle incontinence (4 patients) and no evidence of urological disease were treated with methylphenidate for 1 to 5 years. RESULTS: All patients responded positively with complete cessation of enuresis to varying dose schedules of methylphenidate. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that giggle incontinence is a centrally mediated and likely hereditary disorder that may share a common pathophysiological basis with the narcolepsy/cataplexy syndrome.