Identification of a putative motif for binding of peptides to HLA-DQ2.

To understand the rules determining peptide binding to the celiac disease and type 1 diabetes mellitus associated HLA-DQ2 molecule, we have studies in detail the binding of a peptide OVA 258-276Y (IINFEKLTEWTSSNVMEERY) which exhibits strong binding to DQ2. First we tested a set of N- and C-terminal truncated variants, and found the core binding region to comprise residues 267-276Y. Single alanine substitution analysis of the OVA 267-276Y peptide revealed that replacements of V272, E275 and the C-terminal Y had negative effects whereas the substitution of N271 had a positive effect. A polyalanine analogue of the OVA 267-276Y peptide with V272, E275 and a C-terminal Y bound at least as well as the original peptide. A variant peptide with a deletion of R276 displayed decreased binding, suggesting that the anchor residues were out of frame in this analogue. To further characterize the residues playing a role in the binding of the OVA 267-276Y peptide to DQ2 we tested the binding of several analogues with substitutions for V272, E275 and the C-terminal Y residue. Our results indicate that peptides binding to DQ2 have anchor residues in relative positions 4, 7 and (P4, P7 and P9). Residues with negatively charged or hydrophobic aliphatic but not positively charged side chains are preferred in P4 and P7, whereas residues with bulky hydrophobic side chains are preferred in P9.