Relationships between motility parameters, morphology and acrosomal status of human spermatozoa.

A total of 130 semen samples were examined for motility (by computer-assisted sperm analysis), morphology and acrosomal status. A high positive correlation was found between percentages of normal forms and progressive motility in the whole semen (r = 0.539, P < 0. 0001) as well as in the Percoll fraction (r = 0.702, P < 0.0001). Among the specific abnormalities, acrosome defects were most highly correlated with progressive motility (r = -0.492, P < 0.0001, in the Percoll fraction). The percentage of total spontaneously acrosome-reacted spermatozoa in the Percoll fraction was negatively correlated with the progressive motility (r = -0.499, P < 0.0001) and with the percentage of normal forms (r = 0.430, P < 0.0001). Surprisingly, the percentage of total spontaneously acrosome-reacted spermatozoa was poorly linked with head abnormalities but displayed significant positive correlations with the percentages of bent tails (r = 0.359, P < 0.0001) and of coiled tails (r = 0.371, P < 0.0001). These data suggest that sperm defects are often linked together, reflecting spermiogenesis and/or epididymal dysfunctions.