Alcoholism. Taking a preventive, public health approach.

Alcoholism is a common, chronic, often progressive disorder that has negative effects on a patient's health and severe consequences for society as well. A positive, public health approach that integrates medical, psychological, and social therapies can lead to improved outcomes for patients who abuse alcohol. Physicians can play an important role by educating patients to prevent alcohol abuse from starting, being alert to the risk factors, recognizing the signs of alcoholism (especially during its early stages), and initiating interventions designed to halt progression of this disease. Doctors should maintain a therapeutic stance with patients who have continued to abuse alcohol, even after frequent relapses. Consultation with alcoholism experts may be helpful when treatment is difficult or there is the possibility of a dual diagnosis.