Expression of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) in the mouse colonic mucosa.

The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR), a member of the steroid nuclear receptor superfamily, has been shown to be activated by various compounds such as fibrates, thiazolidinediones, prostaglandins, and fatty acids. Here we demonstrate expression of PPAR in mouse colonic and small intestinal mucosa by Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry, indicating a higher expression level in the differentiated colonic epithelial cells facing the intestinal lumen. Quantification of PPAR mRNA by ribonuclease protection assay revealed relatively high expression of PPAR gamma and Nuc1 in the colon as compared to the small intestine. In contrast, PPAR alpha expression was higher in the small intestine as compared to the colon. These results demonstrate the presence of PPAR in the intestinal mucosa; however, the physiological roles of the various isoforms in the intestine remain to be established.