Psychiatric status and HIV risk reduction among residential drug abuse treatment clients.

We investigated the associations of psychiatric symptoms and diagnoses with HIV risk behaviors among 405 clients of two United States residential drug abuse treatment programs at admission and at follow-up. Measures of psychiatric status included the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), selected diagnoses assessed with the Diagnostic Interview Schedule (DIS-III-R) and the Addiction Severity Index psychiatric composite score (ASI-P). Measures of risk behaviors included: drug injection risk (including sharing and bleaching of needles and syringes), multiple sexual partners and condom use. In multivariate analyses, the BDI at baseline and change in the BDI to follow-up were strongly associated with drug use at follow-up (both injection and non-injection), but not with other risk behaviors. In contrast, psychiatric diagnoses were not statistically associated with risk behaviors at follow-up when baseline behavior was controlled.